In theory, all air will pass through the oil. As you would imagine, this makes for some pretty serious bubbling resulting from the engine vacuum. In practice, the air drawn through the pool of oil at the bottom comes back up and passes through wire mesh (more like a jumble resembling a copper or stainless-looking potscratcher) which by design is kept coated with oil drawn drawn up into it by the vacuum. The small hole at the bottom of the inner ring in the cup the Donaldson-type filter is to allow the oil to flow back dwon from the mesh to the cup to where the air is introduced, thus increasing the probability of the ideal of all the air passing through a pool of oil as a first step.
This explains the specs for using an oil in the filter of the same viscosity as what you're using in the engine for lube. Too thin, and the vacuum will draw filter oil into the combustion air, draining the filter oil and making for smoky or sooty exhaust and reducing the efficiency of the filter. Too thick, and you're starving the engine somewhat for air, and hindering the bathing of the mesh, reducing its effect as a final filter.
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Today's Featured Article - The Nuts and Bolts of Fasteners - Part 2 - by Curtis Von Fange. In our previous article we discussed capscrews, bolts, and nuts along with their relative hardness and thread sizes. In this segment we will finish up on our fasteners and then work with ways to keep them from loosening up in the field. Capscrews, bolts and nuts are not the only means of holding two parts together. When dealing with thinner metals like sheet tin, a long bolt and
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