Diesel fuel compresses slightly under high pressure. The longer the line, the longer it takes for the injection pulse created at the pump, to make it out the injector nozzle. Thus the reason for keeping all lines same-length (or close). If you shortened all your lines, firing time would be slightly advanced equally. If you shortened only one line, timing would be advanced on one cylinder only.
Length of lines certainly does make a difference. Injection systems gets "injection lag." That is the time difference between when the pressure spike is created at the pump . . . and when injection actually takes place in the engines combustion chamber (or pre-combustion chamber).
When an engine is designed, injection-lag is taken into account and the pump timing specs allow for it. Some makers give you timing specs to be checked AT the pump, while others IN the combustion chamber.
All this is why there is big difference in timing specs if using a diesel line-pulse timing light instead of a luminosity sensor. The former measures injection BEFORE the injector, and the latter measures AT the time of injection. There is often a difference of 3-4 pump degrees (that"s 6-8 engine degrees for a 1/2 engine speed rotary pump).
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