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Tractor Talk Discussion Forum

Diesel injector pumps: More HP?

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LD5030

08-14-2005 06:50:26




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Took the 3 yr. old to the county fair last week to watch the farm tractors pull. Got me wondering about how pump adjustments make more power. I don't know much about pulling tractors, but some of these sounded like they were turning alot more RPMs than normal. This brings me to my question...Does turning up a pump require more RPMs to make that additional power? Afterall an engine is nothing more than an air pump and adding more fuel without more air would be no help. I could see packing it tighter with more boost from a turbo, but how about non-turbo motors?
Thanks,jim

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Jerry/MT

08-14-2005 14:19:38




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 Re: Diesel injector pumps: More HP? in reply to LD5030, 08-14-2005 06:50:26  
Diesels run a bit different than spark ignition engines. Your gas engine runs with pert near contant fuel/air ratio. To vary the power, you vary the airflow with the carburetor throttle plate. That means, for all practical purposes, the peak gas temperature in the engine is almost constant. In diesel, the fuel/air ratio is variable and the more fuel you put in the hotter the peak temperature. The diesel engine has no throttle plate so at a given rpm, the airflow being sucked in is conatant. Adding mre fuel increases the power at a constant rpm. It also increases the combustion pressure and the piston crown temperature, which adds to the internal structural loads and the cooling requirements, respectively. So yeah, you can overfuel a diesel engine to get more power but if the components are not designed for it, the durability of the engine will suffer.

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James2

08-14-2005 12:49:11




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 Re: Diesel injector pumps: More HP? in reply to LD5030, 08-14-2005 06:50:26  
Without going to a lot of detail, yes you can increase hp by just turning up the pump without more rpm on an NA engine up to a certain point. Then you will require a softer governor spring to effective utilize the higher pump settings, or you can increase rpm's. Increasing the rpm coupled with increasing the pump is more effective because HP=(torque,in ft/lbs)X(rpm)/5252. On an NA engine you can gain power/torque by adding fuel until you reach stoichmetric conditions. This means you are burning all the air available. The problem is you will be putting out more smoke than a poorly run locomotive. If run this way very long, burned/melted pistons, valves and so on will be your reward. We have run diesel NA engines APPROACHING this limit for approximately ten minutes, without breaking. Samething with a turbo engine, with all the extra air, can pump even more fuel in until you reach stoichmetric conditions or until something breaks. With a turbo this is hard to do because it will give more air until it "chokes" or "stalls". Then the air supply plumments and power level falls off a precipice, but you are still pumping in the fuel for an instant, until the rpm's also drop. You can solve this by installing a larger turbo (either the turbine housing or compressor housing or both) and just run the engine until it does break. What I have written is just a quick explaination, and left a few "holes" which could use some more detail.

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Can't even use my name

08-14-2005 10:05:38




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 Re: Diesel injector pumps: More HP? in reply to LD5030, 08-14-2005 06:50:26  
To my understanding all diesels run lean even at higher rpms, although I suppose there would be a limit at some point. So as you turn up the fuel you do have sufficient air to burn the extra. Problem is if you give it too much fuel you can't cool things well enough and pistons and heads start to melt down. Unless the engine was designed for such amounts of fuel.



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buickanddeere

08-14-2005 23:55:08




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 Re: Diesel injector pumps: More HP? in reply to Can't even use my name, 08-14-2005 10:05:38  
A diesel with the exact same amount of fuel per squirt, runs richer at rpms above peak torque. Less air is drawn into the cylinders on the intake stroke at peak HP rpm.



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