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Tool Talk Discussion Forum

How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is)

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Tim B from MA

02-05-2007 10:33:25




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I am wondering how many of you have 3-phase converters at home or on the farm, and would like some discussion of any down-side of going with a 3-phase converter. (aside from the cost of the set up)

As some of you may have notice from my posts recently, I have been desperately seeking a quality used welding machine at a resonable price.

In all my ebaying and craigslisting (don't tell my boss) I have noticed that you can pick up some very nice 3-phase welders (not to mention tables saws and band saws and compressors and jointers) at prices comparable and often lower than lesser 1-phase machines.

I am starting to contemplate a store-bought or home made rotary converter.

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Tim B from MA

02-08-2007 13:37:23




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 Thanks for the posts gents in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
The two 3-phase welders that I have looked at are Linde Mig welders 250 amp output requiring 30 amp input. Based on perusing some web sites for rotary converter manufactures, I gather that would require about a 15hp rotary converter which needs up to 70 amps from the single phase 230 volt service.

I guess it may be too much to go that route, but the first set up was in nice shape and with all the parts $400. There is one located nearby going on e-bay in a few hours. Has a spool gun but, apparently, no wire feeder. Current bid is $200 and I am guessing it won't go much higher.

Regarding the Idealarc tombstone AC/DC stick welders - I'd be happy to have one but have not found any yet that were close enough to pick up.

As for going to 3 phase for motor driven machines, sounds like it is a good way to go. We'll see if I live long enough to built that barn!

Thanks again.

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Wardner

02-08-2007 11:02:56




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
I'm from Tewksbury, MA. When I separated the house service from the barn in the '70's, I had Mass Electric install a single can 3ph transformer on their pole. A 13,800v line runs down my street.

I have 200 amps of 208v 3ph. I have three 15hp motors and numerous smaller motors. I can go to an auction and usually buy any equipment I want as most motors are 208/230/460 wired. Even the 230/460 motors work well.

I was assigned a "G" rate. That entitles me to power without a demand meter. There was no bill from the electric company for their equipment. Yes, I had to rewire the barn but there wasn't much there to begin with. The nicest feature of my service is it expandable. I now have eight 3ph subpanels. Total connected load is huge but I am careful about "turning off the lights". I have never tripped the main breaker.

I think you should talk to your electric company before messing around with phase converters. It's goin to hurt when you pinch you foot in a V-belt.

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arthur

02-07-2007 03:50:28




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
Hi tim...arthur from Mass here. I have a 7 hp 3ph converter in my garage. it is the rotary type. you can get 2 diffrent kinds of converters. the other is the static...the static type you lose 1/3 of everything...1/3 of the speed, and 1/3 of the hp. The rotary type you don't lose anything. I have a 3 hp milling machine, and I can get up to a 7 hp lathe,....The trick as far as the rotary type is, the motor you run to derive the third leg has to be rated as big as the motor your trying to run...If I was going to run my miller and the lathe at the same time, I could only run a 4 hp lathe...Im in bellingham...What town are you in?...this is some nad schrivling cold...Later

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jdemaris

02-08-2007 13:27:32




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to arthur, 02-07-2007 03:50:28  
Funny you mention that. I stopped at the local auction barn a few days ago - and not having my glasses with me - I quickly left an absentee bid on a large very HD drill press. Found out this morning I own it for $60. When I first saw it - it was next to a large pile of old equimpemt - including one large electric motor. Well, found out this morning that large motor that was laying on the floor is hard-wired to the drill press - which already has it's own smaller motor. Also has a control box on it marked "phase converter." And, the final AC plug is 220 VAC two-phase. What an interesting mess. Haven't tried it yet - I don't even have the proper 20 amp 220 VAC outlet - but I might pigtail it to my 50 amp welder outlet just to try it.

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Tim B from MA

02-08-2007 13:20:41




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to arthur, 02-07-2007 03:50:28  
Hi Authur, I'm in Shrewsbury. I have friends in Bellingham and Franklin so I know your area.


And yes, it has been cold. I wouldn't mind having back the spring weather we had in Dec and most of January ... soon enough I suppose.



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buickanddeere

02-06-2007 10:51:57




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 3 phase motor loads, vfd : How many are converts? in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
As for three phase motors? Have a look around for a variable frequency drive. They can convert single phase to three phase, at reduced capacity. Plus you now have the option of controling speed and even limiting torque and reducing damage should something jam.



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buickanddeere

02-06-2007 10:48:40




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 Most three phase welders are single phaseRe: How m in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
Most three phase welders plug into 480V or 600V to get higher voltage and lower current to reduce feeder size. As 99.9% or 480V or 600V receptacles are three phase everyone assumes everything plugged into them are three phase. Not So. Even my Hobbart 400AMp AC/DC industrial welder is single phase. When connected to either 240,480 or 600 it only uses two live lines and a ground. Check your welder, odds are your 480V welder is single phase. It's simple enough to find a 240 to 480 transformer cheap if required. Check inside your welder. Odds are the windings can be set for 240V

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135 Fan

02-06-2007 16:13:58




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 Re: Most three phase welders are single phaseRe: H in reply to buickanddeere, 02-06-2007 10:48:40  
Most 3 phase welders are 3 phase and have a way smoother arc. Your AC-DC welder is single phase because of the AC output current. Check any conventional AC,DC welder for TIG welding. They are all single phase. Even the Lincoln AC 1200 amp sub-arc welder is single phase. Look how many amps input it needs though. Most 3 phase DC welders are in fact 3 phase unless they are inverters which can run on both. Usually they put out more amps and duty cycle on 3 phase. Dave

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buickanddeere

02-06-2007 19:51:45




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 Re: Most three phase welders are single phaseRe: H in reply to 135 Fan, 02-06-2007 16:13:58  
You could have a DC welder that runs on 3 phase and yes the output will be smoother than single phase. It would require either 3 or 6 diodes. A single phase welder could produce DC from either 2 or 4 diodes. As for an AC 60hz arc on three phase, no can do. It will only use two out of the three live lines.



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Joe(TX)

02-06-2007 06:40:04




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
I built a self starting 10 hp and a 5 hp rotary phase converter. I used the link below as a guide.
I have used just a 3 phase motor and used a rope to spin it to start. Run capaciters will help to balance the voltage between the phases.



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Shovelman

02-06-2007 05:23:45




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
Tim,

We use an old 3 ph motor as a converter for our lathe, Bridgeport and surface grinder. I got it for $3 at a tag sale. However, I would not try to run anything big like a welder or compressor with it.

What type of welder are you considering? If it is a stick welder, the old Lincoln "tombstone" Idealarc AC/DC is a great welder that can be bought reasonably.

For DC work we use an old Lincoln SA-200 engine-driven welder that was given to us. They also can be found pretty cheap and work very well.

We have had an older Millermatic 35 Mig for years that was purchased for $600 and has also been a great welder.

If you look around, you can find good older single phase or gas driven welders that will work great without breaking the bank.

Good luck,
Scott

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JMS/MN

02-05-2007 15:56:07




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
I built my own converter last year- cost was minimal- maybe $30 for plugs and wire- had a 5hp 3phase motor, also a small single phase for a spinner of the 5hp, old motor start switch, etc. No capacitors involved. Mounted it on steel frame and wheels, wired three plugs for lathe, mill, hacksaw. Google 3phase converters for ideas and diagrams. Don't know about using one on a welder.



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MikeCatthemuseum

02-05-2007 15:47:40




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
Just got done with a few hours on my old L&S lathe run off a 5hp converter. So wonderful. Throw a switch and I have instant 3 phase. My lathe, mill, radial drill press, T&C grinder all run of the converter, the mill on a 220-440 step up transformer. It all works great.

That said as was suggested in the first post, I wouldn't run a big welder off a converter, same for a really big compressor. Problem is that in the case of the compressor, it'll hit the converter for full power every time it starts. I'd want a converter about double the size of the compressor if I went that route. Same story with the welder. A 400amp welder might require a 30hp converter. That's about 150 amps. So you'd start with a 150 amp or better breaker and #4 or so wire... I imagine you can see where this is going.

Many big welders are single phase. I'd go that route or get an engine driven one.

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Glardon

02-05-2007 15:35:10




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
Have you considered visiting with your local welding supply store? Generally we are always trading for used equipment, (we do not get carried away trading for old equipment) but usually we have good used equipment for a decent price. In addition, a lot of our customers that own welding shops, will often sell their old equipment for a decent price just to upgrade their equipment so it is again under warranty. Ebay while practical for certain things, is not a place I would consider buying a piece of electrical equipment. Take that from a mechanic. Some people sell crappy things veiled as a good piece of equipment. Also, stay with a BRAND name such as Lincoln or Miller. I personally am not a fan of Thermal Arc or Esab. Refrain from Century and the ilk. There is good used equipment out there, you just need to do a little more research.

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`Bernie in MA

02-05-2007 14:58:20




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
I have one in my shop for the motors but the welder is single phase. I was advised not to use a converter on welders. I have several motors from junked carwash machines if you need one.



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n9lhm

02-05-2007 13:21:18




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
Everything in my home metalworking shop is 3-phase. There"s no comparison, especially when working with motors that you want to reverse with a switch, like a lathe, etc. I built my own converter, but I"m a broadcast engineer that deals with high voltage/high power equipment daily and have built several rotary converters.
I have a 5 horse rotary running several motors 3/4-1.5 horse at a time, and I can tell you that I can run that rotary converter and one 3/4 horse 3-phase motor on less power than it takes to run one 3/4 horse single phase motor. Granted, I PF corrected my rotary so it only draws about 1 amp when running unloaded, but 3-phase motors are so much more efficient than single phase, it doesn"t take long to recover the energy to run the rotary. A three-phase motor of a given horsepower lugs down so much better than a single phase motor.

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IH2444

02-05-2007 12:29:48




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 Re: How many are converts? (to 3-phase that is) in reply to Tim B from MA, 02-05-2007 10:33:25  
I don't think it is feasable to convert enough single phase to run a welder.



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