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Hi Carol, You can build a small solar HW pannel using a new auto/truck radaitor as a collector coil, cold water in bottom, hot out top. Put the sotrage tank slightly higher than the collector. Install check valve ( for directing flow), auto air vent, mixing valve, and No pumps, are required as this system will thermosphion from the collector to the tank. For freeze protection: 1) Don't put a check valve in and the system will reverse flow at night. Depending on tank size and abiment temps determines if collector will freeze. 2) add a auto heater coil in the storage tank and use anti-freeze between the collector and the tank coil as a transfer medium. Although not as efficent as pure water will heat enough water to satisfiy your demand. How much hot water? Of all the systems I designed and serviced this system was the most efficent and had the lowest cost. With a 4ftx8ft pannel using two 40" truck radaitors with 60* abiment, full sun, would heat 80gal of water from 65* to 180* in two hours. This system supplied all the HW for a family of four, showers, laundry, dish washer, etc;. The only problem with NOT using a mixing valve in the system is it WILL burn a person severely at 180* if pure hotwater is used. A mixing valve lowers the HW temps to 120* or whatever temp you want with-in reason. T_Bone
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