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Electric motor questions

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Dick

11-09-2002 12:42:57

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I want to get rid of a 3-phase motor on a compressor. What is the difference between single phase and split phase. Also what are advantages/disadvantages of 110 vs. 220 motor?

Thanks

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D.L.

11-09-2002 14:05:58

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Re: Electric motor questions in reply to Dick, 11-09-2002 12:42:57

A "split phase" motor has a start and a run winding. Both windings are energized at start up and the starter winding kicks out once the motor reaches a pre-determined speed (usually 75%). Split phase motors are usually used on machines that have light to medium startup loads. Not recommended for something like a compressor or other machines that have high starting loads.

A capacitor motor uses a capacitor in series with the start winding and adds a fair amount more power to startup. The best choice for a compressor.

As for 110v vs 240v. If you motor is over 1.5 HP it will require 240v. You simply can't get more than 1.5HP out of it (and even a true 1.5HP would be very optimistic on 110v). Even if your motor is 1.5HP or less and will accept wiring for 240v, it's a good thing to do (provided you are setup to provide it). On 240v, your amperage draw is half of what you would draw on 110v.

Think of electricity like water in a pipe. Voltage is the pressure and amperage is the amount of water itself. 240v provides twice the pressure so only needs half the current (or water) to get the same output.

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Ray,IN

11-09-2002 19:46:28

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Re: Re: Electric motor questions in reply to D.L., 11-09-2002 14:05:58

I've got a commerical compressor with a 3hp motor, the motor is setup for either 120VAC or 240VAC. I run it on 120VAC without problems., but plan to change to 240VAC for cheaper operation.

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Neil

11-13-2002 10:28:27

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Re: Re: Re: Electric motor questions in reply to Ray,IN, 11-09-2002 19:46:28

A motor only draws what it needs.
An unloaded 3HP motor does not draw the name plate current.
My guess is your 3HP compressor is either not a 3HP compressor, or is not set up to run at peak output.

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G Taylor

11-10-2002 13:43:39

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Re: Re: Re: Electric motor questions in reply to Ray,IN, 11-09-2002 19:46:28

Cost of operation is the same whether it's fed with 120vac at 30amps or 240vac at 15amps.

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D.L.

11-10-2002 00:14:47

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Re: Re: Re: Electric motor questions in reply to Ray,IN, 11-09-2002 19:46:28

Yowza. 3 HP on 120v circuit is drawing over 18 amps continous with probably double that or more at startup. You must have it on a big breaker and heavy gauge wire to run that.

I'd get it switched over to 240v ASAP!

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G Taylor

11-11-2002 06:47:05

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Re: Re: Re: Re: Electric motor questions in reply to D.L., 11-10-2002 00:14:47

Three HP on 120v would draw 30 amps at full load and that's with PF correction to .85 or so. Starting current depending on the type of single phase motor, starting capacitors, repulsion start-induction run, high or low rotor resistance and rotor bar shape etc. Anywhere from 6 to 15 times full load amps. That's why time delay "D" fuses instead of fast blow "P" fuses offer better protection.Still find pennies and 30 amp "P" fuses in power panels all the time. Often after a fire by the way.

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