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The bottom flange on the distributor casting has a hole in it. Most of those engines had a stud threaded into the head near the distributor location and the distributor flange/hole dropped over this stud and then was held down by a nut. Actually, the head will come off with the distributor on if things were not stuck but it should be taken off first so you can get to the head nuts/studs more easily, particularly the head nut/stud near the distributor. The lower distributor flange has a machined end on it which drops into a larger hole in the head. It should come out fairly easily but if it is seized in there, some penetrating oil and gentle heat in that area should crack things loose. Use a plastic hammer and be gentle. I should also mention that once the distributor is off, it is quite likely that the join between the lower distributor flange and the top cylindrical part of the distributor might also be seized together (that must be moveable for fine timing later). The clamp holding those two pieces must eventually be loosened off and a similar procedure as outlined below (for getting the head off) might have to be used to separate the two parts of the distributor. Once the distributor is off then take off all the head nuts. The key to getting the head off is patience, then penetrating oil and gentle heat (eg. propane torch) on all the studs with gentle tapping from a brass or plastic hammer. More patience, heat, and oil and tapping .... repeat over and over and then gently try prying up along the edge of the head somewhere ... try to avoid damaging the surface of the block or the head. You might have to damage the head gasket a bit. Keep repeating all the above over and over and over and eventually you will see a little movement. Some of the studs will be much tighter than the others so make sure you try getting the head off squarely. Eventually you will pop it loose but even then, some of the studs will be rather tight so take your time and be patient. Once it is off, you'll need to emery cloth the studs carefully to remove corrosion, etc. Make sure none of the grindings drop into the cylinder area. The head gasket is a Victor # 1634 (for all sizes of that engine whether 124, 140 or 162 cubic inches). Good luck and let us know how you make out.
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