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BM, to know if the solenoid is bad or not, I need to know if when you say "shorting around it" you mean you jump the large main input (from battery) and output (to starter) posts together OR You mean youre jumping hot voltage (like from the big battery side input) to the small activation terminal (S) and that engages the solenoid????? ???? If when you apply hot voltage to its lil S activation terminal she works, THAT MEANS THE SOLENOID ITSLEF IS OKAY. If it works if you do that then theres a problem either in the start switch (not hot when in start position),,,,, ,,,, or theres an open wire from the switch to that lil S terminal,,,,, ,,,,, ,,or theres a bad/open safety or neutral switch of some sort in the circuit from the switch to the solenoid. The solenoid is a normally open relay which internally connects the big input n output posts when voltage is appled to the lil S activation terminal so its not too hard to check out. Often the case is its okay but its a switch or wiring (switch to solenoid) or an open series safety device such as neutral etc etc. Good Luck n God Bless John T Nordhoff retired engineer in Indiana
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