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So many questions, so little time lol. Just cuz a starter runs well unloaded on the bench dont necessarily mean its good under a load. Often, when an electric solenoid switch chatters is cuz the battery is weak and/or theres a bad connection somewhere. The VERY FIRST THING I would do is remove, clean n wire brush, n reattach each n every battery and starter and ground and solenoid and cable connection, give the battery a good charge (or use a known good substitute battery) then see what happens??? Make sure the ground is on a good solid non rusted main frame type bolts versus some rusty tin location. To see if the solenoids the problem, its "somewhat" possible to jump by pass around it direct from its battery side over to its starter connection side using a big jumper cable BUTTTTT TTTT CAUTION thats a high current potential arcing connection so you have to be carfeful not to short to frame ground and make a dead tight soild conenction which scratching around will not accomplish. If she cranks well by passed but NOT using the solenoid, the solenoids bad assumign its lil S activation terminal is receiving good voltage. I usually check that by jumping hot 12 volts from the battery side of the solenoid to its lil S activation terminal, cuz if it works that way but not via the start switch, I know its a switch or switch circuit problem instead of the solenoid. NOTE thers still has to be alllll l good battery n cable n ground connections for the by pass jump test to make her spin well. I have used the older standard 12 volt Ford solenoids on lots of generic 12 volt starter applications, it has the battery n starter big posts then the lil S activation terminal and the I terminal which can be used as a ballast by pass system on tractors so equipped. The work by their mount being frame grounded and then if you apply 12 votls to its lil S terminal via the start switch it closes the big contactor to make up the Bat and stater conenctions, its NOT rocket science. Generally speaking, if when you try n start her the lights would dim badly and the battery voltage drop drastically, its more likely a starter problem, however, if the lights dont dim much or the battery voltage drop but she still dont crank well (but all else above is good), Im more suspicious of a bad solenid or starter switch. PS I dont know beans about what starter is correct for that tractor and that type stuff, listen to Texas Denny and the other good AC men regarding that..... ..... John T
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