It NOT so important that it pumps fuel out the top return fitting right away.
What's important is that it pumps fuel to the injectors.
Once the pump is purged of air and the engine is running the fuel will begin to come out the return line.
Incidentally, the shutdown solenoid you are fascinated with DOESN'T control the fuel being returned out the top fitting but rather controls the metering valve that meters fuel into the "hydraulic head" where it then is pumped by the plungers out to the injectors.
Since you have the top off, have you verified the metering valve is free to rotate?
If it is free and you have fuel TO the pump the vane-type primary pump may not be working.
The other likely culprit is that the pumping plungers sometimes become stuck in the retracted position by vanish/gunk/rust during a period of non-use. If stuck in the retracted position they will not be able to take on a charge of fuel for each upcoming injection event and no fuel will be pumped to the injectors.
Another thing... are you SURE the injection pump internals are rotating... if the hydraulic head has seized the pump driveshaft has a "necked down" area that will break to protect the timing gear train and pump from further damage.
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Today's Featured Article - Sunday Drives - by Cowboy. Summer was finally upon us here in Northern Maine. We have two types of industry up here, one being "Forestry" (Wood Products) and the other "Farming" (Potatoes). There is no shortage of farm tractors and equipment around here! I have been restoring old Farm Tractors for the past 6 years, and have found it easier and less expensive to hit all the auctions and purchase whole tractors for parts needed. My wife who works at a local school, and only has weekends and summers off, while on t
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