It NOT so important that it pumps fuel out the top return fitting right away.
What's important is that it pumps fuel to the injectors.
Once the pump is purged of air and the engine is running the fuel will begin to come out the return line.
Incidentally, the shutdown solenoid you are fascinated with DOESN'T control the fuel being returned out the top fitting but rather controls the metering valve that meters fuel into the "hydraulic head" where it then is pumped by the plungers out to the injectors.
Since you have the top off, have you verified the metering valve is free to rotate?
If it is free and you have fuel TO the pump the vane-type primary pump may not be working.
The other likely culprit is that the pumping plungers sometimes become stuck in the retracted position by vanish/gunk/rust during a period of non-use. If stuck in the retracted position they will not be able to take on a charge of fuel for each upcoming injection event and no fuel will be pumped to the injectors.
Another thing... are you SURE the injection pump internals are rotating... if the hydraulic head has seized the pump driveshaft has a "necked down" area that will break to protect the timing gear train and pump from further damage.
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Today's Featured Article - Bad Vibes - by Curtis Von Fange. One of the strangest ways to communicate with our tractor is to ask it how it feels. "Ask it how it feels," you say? Yup, ask it how it feels. Now, as with the other articles in this series one has to be able to hear what 'ole blue' is trying to say in response. The nice thing about our old iron friends is that they are usually quite consistent in their response, rather unlike some people I know who might change what they say due to the weather or other mitigating circumstances. But since t
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