A magnet with an intense magnetic field produces no output at all. It has a magnetic field, but does no work. If a person spins that magnet in open air away from all things it will spin easily, and again do nothing but move a little air Because it is an objest, not a magnet).
Put the magnet in a coil of wire with the ends not connected to anything, nothing moving, there will be no electricity in the wire at all. Rotate the magnet such that the moving lines of force are cut by the wires, and elecrticity will be produced. If we just measure this electricity, it will have volts, If we connect the wires to a lightbulb, we will find that it has volts and amps, but because it now has current flow, it will put rotational resistance on the shaft of the magnet. This force will be overcome by turning harder on the shaft. (work in). The electricity that comes out will be measurably less than the energy needed to turn the shaft. (internal losses in the wires, and frictional losses) The Work in (in HP on the shaft is more than the Work out (KW) from the coil. The ratio is 1 HP= 0.7456 KW. The use of an electro magnet in alternators and generators, is only convienient, not needed. Magnetos, alternators of many brands and types use permanent magnets. Motor cycle alternators in particular use PM rotors. The regulation is more difficult, but the size and complexity is reduced, so it is not done in cars. Old fashoned bicycle generators (actually alternators) use permanent magnets, Switch it on and pedal harder. Break the wire to the light, and the pedaling gets easy again. Look this material up. We have no agenda to pound on you, there is no way around the facts/physics. JimN
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Today's Featured Article - The Nuts and Bolts of Fasteners - Part 2 - by Curtis Von Fange. In our previous article we discussed capscrews, bolts, and nuts along with their relative hardness and thread sizes. In this segment we will finish up on our fasteners and then work with ways to keep them from loosening up in the field. Capscrews, bolts and nuts are not the only means of holding two parts together. When dealing with thinner metals like sheet tin, a long bolt and
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