Salts lower the freezing point of a solvent expressed by the formula DT =Kf*B*I
where DT is the change in freezing point compared to the pure solvent (water in this case)
Kf is a constant for the solvent
B is the molal concentration of the salt in solution (more salt = higher number)
and I is the van't Hoff factor which is the number of ions given up my each molecule of salt (NaCl = 2, CaCl2 = 3)
Do the math and to increase the DT you either need to increase your salt concentration or use a salt that gives up more ions in solution. Calcium Chloride depresses freezing point 50% further using the same amount of salt. Eventually it gets so cold that you can't economically melt ice.
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Today's Featured Article - Madison's County - by Anthony West. Philip Madison has been a good friend of mine for quite some time. He has patiently suffered my incessant chit chat on the subject of tractors for longer than I care to remember, and on many occasions he has put himself out, dropped what ever it was he was doing, to come and lend a hand cranking handles, or loading a find onto a trailer. Although he himself has never actually owned or restored a tractor, he was always enthusiastic and always around helping with other peoples projects.
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