Well lets start with grains. They are just about all priced per bushel. For corn that is 56 lbs. Soybeans 60 lbs., Oats 32 lbs. The market price is reported on the Chicago Board Of Trade daily. All the grains are commodities and are traded accordingly. Just like oil or sugar. Then your local price is can be lower or higher based on local demand.
Live stock is priced per pound. It can also be per hundred weight. They do that so your not talking about fractions of dollars. So when you see cattle at $128 that is per hundred weight or $1.28 per lbs. For cattle the price is usually live weight before slaughter. If you hear the term hanging weight then that is after slaughter and that would be higher. Hogs are priced per pound as well but it is only slaughtered weight anymore. They do not quote live weight prices.
Now for milk. It is sold per hundred weight. Then the farmers are paid a premium on top of the "fluid" price for protein and low bacteria counts an other things. So if you see $15.60 milk price that is per hundred weight and before any premiums. As for how milk is hauled and weighted. Most milk tanks have a very accurate dip stick that tells you the weight in the tank for the level the milk is at. The milk truck driver records this level before he loads the milk. The driver also takes a sample of the milk. The milk is comingled with all the other farmers' milk on that route. So if you have some trouble with your milk it can cause the entire load to be dumped and your charged for it. As for milk and cheese there is two common grades of milk production. Grade "A" and grade "B". Grade "A" is for direct consumption as a liquid. Grade "B" milk is for processing only. So this would be for cheese mainly. The Grade "B" milk is low priced than Grade "A" milk. Grade "B" is usually not quite as clean( higher bacteria counts) as grade "A". Grade "A" producers can be kicked off grade "A" if they have too high of bacteria counts or fail milk inspections. This failure can have nothing to do with counts but buildings or milk tank issues.
As for hay. There are many ways hay is sold. Small square bales are usually sold by the bale with the weight not being a factor. Round bales can be sold by the bale or the ton, it depends on the local market. Large square bales of hay are usually sold by the ton.
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Today's Featured Article - History of the Nuffield Tractor - by Anthony West. The Nuffield tractor story started in early 1945. The British government still reeling from the effects of the war on the economy, approached the Nuffield organization to see if they would design and build an "ALL NEW" British built wheeled tractor, suitable for both British and world farming.
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