University studies obviously can vary. The one I did myself as an ag engineering undergrad (meaning nothing was published) showed a measurable difference in favor of the wide front. The model for both narrow and wide front tractors had the machine setting on a three-point base - the two back wheels and a single point at the front. However, on the wide front the single point was elevated to the height of the axle oscillation point whereas on the narrow front it was on the ground plane. A line from this point to either rear tire defines the "tipping axis" of the tractor. A "stability index" of 100 was defined as when the loads on the rear wheels were equal (assuming the CG is located on the centerline plane) and an index of 0 was when either rear wheel became completely unloaded.
Having this front point elevated means that when turning the centrifugal force acting on the center of gravity has a shorter "lever arm" to work with about the tipping axis which results in less weight being transferred off of the inner wheel. Likewise, when the tractor is operating on an incline the CG point will cross over this tipping axis sooner if it is along the ground vs. being elevated. The farther forward the CG is the more stability benefit you get from a wide front.
Although it wasn't considered in the study the wide front also gives you a "last chance" to stop tipping when the axle pivot bottoms out. I personally experienced this once with a Kubota when backing up with the loader bucket full of rocks. One rear tire started climbing up a six inch high ledge and kept on heading up until the front axle bottomed out. Dumped the bucket and the tire came back to earth. In a higher speed situation, however, you may have enough momentum to flip the tractor on over anyway which is why this wasn't factored into the stability index equation.
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Today's Featured Article - Identifying Tractor Smells - by Curtis Von Fange. We are continuing our series on learning to talk the language of our tractor. Since we can’t actually talk to our tractors, though some of the older sect of farmers might disagree, we use our five physical senses to observe and construe what our iron age friends are trying to tell us. We have already talked about some of the colors the unit might leave as clues to its well-being. Now we are going to use our noses to diagnose particular smells. ELECTRICAL SMELLS
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