Perhaps explaining torque rise/ lugging capacity vs an engine with a flat torque output is via comparing . Some simplification will be used. Take two othwise identical engines except one displaces 283cu"and the other 400cu". The cylinder head ports are small, the cam duration short and are maxed out supplying the 283 at peak 3000rpm. Max HP of lets say 150HP and 263 lb ft torque. . Peak torque occurs at 1500 rpm and 400 ft lbs. Exact same everything now except a 400 cu" bottom end with 1.4 times pumping capacity. Let's not forget an engine is just an air pump. Will peak HP at 3000rpm be 1.4 times more ? No because the engine is still airflow limited. Let's say the choked down 400 still makes the same 150HP and 263 lb ft of torque at 3000rpm because it's breathing through a straw. Now let's lugg that 400 down to 1500rpm. Now with the small ports having twice as much time to fill the cylinders. The 400 can now fill the cylinders full and make 565 lb ft of torque. Which engine has more rated power? Neither, they are both 150HP. Which engine has greater torque rise and lugging capacity? The 400 as it has a 150HP heads and cam with a 210 HP flow capacity bottom end. The 283 has 150 flow capacity heads/cam with a 150HP flow capacity bottom end. So by starving the 400's capacity and the 283 with full airflow capacity. The 400 "feels" more "Powerful". Seems counter intuitive. "
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Today's Featured Article - Ford N-Series Transmission/Hydraulic Fluid - The Full Story - by Llamas. The transmission fluid in an “N”:-series tractor lubricates the transmission, differential, rear wheel bearings, PTO and hydraulic pump drive, and it also cats as the working fluid for the hydraulic lift. In 9N/2N models, it also lubricates the steering sector and shaft system. The owner’s manual for the 9N and 2N models specified the use of only two fluids. They were STRAIGHT MINERAL OIL SAE 90 (above freezing) and
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