Charles, I have some very limited experience in dealing with those steering issues.
I think the high pitched whine when nothing is being operated is usually associated with the high pressure flowing past a popoff/check valve somewhere at the rated psi of the check valve.
There is also a different whine associated with the operation of the hydraulics (such as a loader) which could be a cavitation (a pulsating noise) or groan from lack of fluid such as a plugged filter, low fluid level, or cold weather/fluid that is too cold to flow, a suction leak, leaking seal in the pump area, etc.
I'd first suspect that someone adjusted the flow divider to push more fluid to the power steering with the old worn out 12 gpm pump. Now you are getting too much which fluid opening the bypass on the power steering.
If your attempt to adjust the middle screw on the flow divider doesn't fix it, then you could have something plugging up the system from the power steering forward or a bad check ball/valve. Look under the seat for the check valve that is there. There may be another where the power steering line goes to the oil cooler if you have that on yours.
I think that flow divider adjustment screw may shut if off completely to the power steering which would help evaluate it.
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