Having to run with the choke partially closed indicates either not enough gas or too much air. Hal and the others have probably got you on the right track if it's a fuel issue -- most commonly it's the float or the flow.
As for air, check for a tight fit at the gasket between the carb and neck of the manifold, and check your manifold for cracks and to make sure it is snugged up properly to the head. It could also be a badly worn shaft or bushing on your throttle plate, but I dont think a leak of that sort would require as much choke as you describe.
One way to check for air/vacuum leaks is to get the motor running and spray some sort of fuel (carb/choke cleaner works, so does propane from an unlit torch -- don't forget to shut the propane off when you're done!) around the joints that might be leaking. Any change in the motor as you do that will indicate a leak. If it's running pretty smoothly as you do this, it will usually bog down from being too rich with the added fuel. If it's running ragged and lean, the speed will usually pick up and the motor will smooth out.
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Today's Featured Article - An Old-Time Tractor Demonstration - by Kim Pratt. Sam was born in rural Kansas in 1926. His dad was a hard-working farmer and the children worked hard everyday to help ends meet. In the rural area he grew up in, the highlight of the week was Saturday when many people took a break from their work to go to town. It was on one such Saturday in the early 1940's when Sam was 16 years old that he ended up in Dennison, Kansas to watch a demonstration of a new tractor being put on by a local dealer. It was an Allis-Chalmers tractor dealership,
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