214 Lawnmower Timing

I'm not all that familiar with working on lawnmower engines but I was running a 214 that burned a hole in the head just to the right (as you sit in the seat) of the spark plug. The guy who actually owns the tractor said it's done it before and it happens because the timing gets off. So changing the head is no big deal but I have never timed one of these things before. So if you know how to do it any help is much appreciated.
 
Wow, you guys are great. Thank you!

Now on to my other problem. I took the head off and the sealing surface on the top of the block has a rough spot in it, like the head gasket blew once before (I'm thinking if I keep using this thing a long block is in it's future) is there any thing short of welding the spot and machining it down that would work to fix it? Hard to put money in it right now until crops come off.
 
Unless you can sit that motor on a mill and flycut that entire surface, you are probably left with lapping it. Takes a long time, doesn't cost much except for elbow grease, and it will be flat when you are done. Have you taken a known true straight edge and tried to slide a feeler gauge in the trough to determine how deep the depression is? A piece of plastigage laid across the deepest area, then press a flat surface against real tight (like the head with a few bolt if the head is still true) should also tell you how deep a gouge you are dealing with. I lap the heads and block decks on every small engine I tear down, because they are always warped a bit, and have high bolt hole bosses.

Ask around if some has a lapping plate and some Clover SC medium or fine compound and try to keep it out of the cylinder (put a piece of tape around the side and put a piece covering the piston). If you can't find a plate, you might have to have a a small steel ground and then you will have one for all those times in the future that you should check for flatness on hydraulic pump bodies, carb flanges, etc.
 
Thanks again. Figured I would have to do something along those lines but I've never worked on anything small or air cooled like this before. So I will give that a shot this weekend since with the rain I don't think a whole lot of wheat is coming out.
 

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