Ford 5000 engine question

Story: About 20 years ago this Ford 5000 broke in a field and has sat 10 years in a shed and 10 years outside. My dad retired and moved, leaving me with the tractor. He told me that the last time he had it running it made a bad clanking noise. thinking I needed something to do I decided to start looking into it. For the last 2 years I have taken it apart and found that it had a spun bearing. Since then, I have rebuilt the engine; New crank, pistons, bearings, belts, hoses, starter, generator, (clutch since the tractor was already split) Injector pump, Injectors, and Wiring harness. Last week I heard it run for the first time since I saw it umteen years ago.
Now the question; it runs well at idle but seems to run rough or miss as I add RPM's. It starts to really struggle at high RPM's and won't even reach 2000 RPM's (about 1850 to 1900 is as high as it will go) I replaced everything but the head. (I did nothing but clean it up and put it back on). I have two thoughts. 1. could it be a Valve that is not sealing up? 2. the injector pump is new and has some adjustment. do I need to advance the timing slightly, (since it runs well at low RPM's)? OR maybe it is something else completely. I wanted to put it out there and ask for thoughts and ideas. Thanks in advance for your thoughts.

What is the timing set at now? Early tractors were 19 degrees BTDC, later models with the Simms inline pump are 23 degrees BTDC. Might be worth a try to change it.
Hopefully the pump hub timing mark is in the right spot too.

I will have to look at where the timing is set. I didn't look on the flywheel to see the timing marks when I installed the injector pump. Since it ran so well at low rpm's I want sure if it was the timing. When I advanced the throttle is when it started running bad. I know gas engines have a timing advance, but wasn't sure if a diesel needed to be advanced. I have the books for it so I will look it up and see. Just wanted to reach out to the experts and see. Its still a learning process for me.

If you didn't look at the timing marks on the flywheel when you installed the pump, then it's a wonder the engine runs at all. It would be like playing darts blindfolded.

I trust you have a service manual for this thing? If so, follow the instructions for pump installation carefully. If not, get one.

First: I want to commend you for bringing that old tractor back to life.
Second: You need to identify or tell us what year model you have.
5000 use a Sims inline injection pump from 65-72 and a CAV rotary pump was used on 73-75 models. The timing process is completely different between those two pumps and since 80% of 5000's used the Sims pump it's automatically assumed that's what you have.
As Bern said if you didn't do the basic flywheel timing on a Sims pump model I'm surprised it ever started, but a CAV is nearly a bolt on and go with minimum effort required to set the timing.

Not meaning to be hateful here but to do a complete rebuild of the short block on a engine that hasn't run in 20 years, and not have a basic valve job done to the head just blows my mind.

This post was edited by Destroked 450 on 05/22/2022 at 09:02 am.

Destroked, thanks for reminding me of the CAV option. 90% of 5000 tractors in my area seem to have Simms pumps, so the CAV option never even
crossed my mind.

I still think the OP has the inline pump, because if it was a new or rebuilt CAV, then lining up the dots on the timing gears and bolting on
the pump should have been pretty much idiot proof.

Thanks all for the help. This is a mid year 1968. I had another post where someone helped me identify the serial number. I do have the maintenance books, but they were not able to help with this serial number. It is the 256 diesel. It has the simms injection pump. I did get it timed pretty close on the build. I just finished checking it and it was only a few degrees off. I will let you know when I start it of that helped.
Yes, I struggled with whether or not to do anything with the head. I'm not an expert and admit I have lots to learn. I had to make some choices on what to replace and what to leave alone since i didnt even know if the transmission, three point, or anything in the rear end worked. I didnt want to get too much cost into it if something else major was wrong. Now that I know it runs I can maybe take the head off and do a valve job

Same here but I do have a 75 model with the CAV pump along with a 6600 row crop with the same CAV

I see in his other post his does have a Sims