Number one, bar none, problem with cranking (with a good battery) is poor connections.
My '68 diesel 4500 has no electrical system to speak of - one of these years, but it's not a big deal for me. I charge the battery, haul it over to the tractor, set it on the ground, connect the cables and...
...well, last time, it was no click, fiddle, no click, fiddle, go get the terminal brush, brush, reconnect, click, fiddle, click, fiddle, crank-vroom.
Disconnect battery, insulate the positive terminal just in case something works, tuck cables under hood, go put battery on charger.
When I thought the starter was dead once, one of the cables fell apart in my hands as I was unbolting it to get at the starter. New end crimped on at the welding store, starter works fine.
Now, you may actually have rat damage. But it might be worth checking the state of the battery and connections before you get too convinced....
And another thing. Find some hose that fits over the positive battery cable and slip it over there. A Classic problem with this series is for the positive battery cable to wear a hole in its insulation, short out and start arcing, not uncommonly to the fuel tank, (I think the fuel tank seam is what often wears the hole) and set the tractor and barn it's in (if any) on fire.
Which kinda sucks.
The mechanical voltage regulator is the next most likely thing to actually fiddle with, clean up, and adjust (or replace, but people claim they really don't die as much as need to be adjusted) now that I go back and see that you say it starts OK if jumped, though if you're not connecting a battery charger to it when it's parked for long enough to recharge the battery, and it's not charging, your battery won't be all that happy, either. Ah, wait - it used to, but now it does not. Got it. I'd recheck all the connections before getting too excited about the rats unless you see something obviously chewed.
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