dr sporster Ignition Coils

John T

Well-known Member
Yo dr, Ive returned from my Wisconsin and Minnesota RV trip and have time to post a final comment on your 6 volt and 12 volt ignition coil question:

1) One limiting factor in old Kettering Ignition points ignition systems is how many amps the points can switch before they burn up prematurely, and that's around 4 amps or less.

2) Therefore, a 6 volt coil has around 1.5 ohms of LV Primary winding resistance (I = 6/1.5 = 4 amps) while a 12 volt coil has around 3 ohms of LV Primary winding resistance (I = 12/3 = 4 amps)

3) Regardless of a 6 or 12 volt coil, the HV Secondary voltage ONLY rises high enough to arc jump current across the spark plug open gap which may be say around 7,000 to 10,000 volts depending on gap thickness and compression and fuel.

4) Therefore, the coil firing voltage REGARDLESS if a 6 or 12 volt coil is used, given the exact same parameters IS THE SAME. (and is the same even if you used a so called super duper high voltage 50,000 volt coil, they may have the "capacity" to achieve a higher if necessary firing voltage, but they only rise high enough to fire the plug)

SPARK ENERGY:

5) A 6 volt coils LV primary instantaneous power when conducting is 6 x 4 = 24 watts while a 12 volts coils LV primary instantaneous power is twice that or 12 x 4 = 48 watts (either still produces same voltage to fire the plug and ignite the fuel air mixture remember)

6) The ENERGY which gets expended across the plugs gap when it fires is a bit less (heat losses and inefficiencies) then the energy which was stored in the coils magnetic field when current stops (points open) and its dissipated in the form of Volts x Amps x Time (sort of like watt hours the utility charges) when current jumps the open plug gap.

THEREFORE even if 6 or 12 volt coil is used, given the same conditions the same firing voltage takes place, and that's a high heat high voltage arcing current release of energy sufficient to ignite the fuel air mixture. HOWEVER if theres more stored energy to dissipate when the plug fires, a higher energy discharge takes place, meaning more Volts x Amps x Time, BUT since firing voltage is the same, theres EITHER more current across the plugs gap orrrrrrrrrr the arc duration may be longer if theres more energy to be dissipated when the plug fires. HOWEVER as long as the arc produces enough heat and energy release to ignite the fuel, if it consists of more current (ie heat) or the arc duration is slightly longer, such may or may not be necessary.........

That's my story n Ima stickin to it. I hope my techy friends like janicholson and JMOR and Soundguy and Bob and Bob M and others will correct me if I'm wrong. I thought I was wrong once but I was mistaken lol

(gonna post on tool talk also as this page goes away pretty fast)

John T
 
(quoted from post at 08:49:55 09/17/14) Yo dr, Ive returned from my Wisconsin and Minnesota RV trip and have time to post a final comment on your 6 volt and 12 volt ignition coil question:

1) One limiting factor in old Kettering Ignition points ignition systems is how many amps the points can switch before they burn up prematurely, and that's around 4 amps or less.

2) Therefore, a 6 volt coil has around 1.5 ohms of LV Primary winding resistance (I = 6/1.5 = 4 amps) while a 12 volt coil has around 3 ohms of LV Primary winding resistance (I = 12/3 = 4 amps)

3) Regardless of a 6 or 12 volt coil, the HV Secondary voltage ONLY rises high enough to arc jump current across the spark plug open gap which may be say around 7,000 to 10,000 volts depending on gap thickness and compression and fuel.

4) Therefore, the coil firing voltage REGARDLESS if a 6 or 12 volt coil is used, given the exact same parameters IS THE SAME. (and is the same even if you used a so called super duper high voltage 50,000 volt coil, they may have the "capacity" to achieve a higher if necessary firing voltage, but they only rise high enough to fire the plug)

SPARK ENERGY:

5) A 6 volt coils LV primary instantaneous power when conducting is 6 x 4 = 24 watts while a 12 volts coils LV primary instantaneous power is twice that or 12 x 4 = 48 watts (either still produces same voltage to fire the plug and ignite the fuel air mixture remember)

6) The ENERGY which gets expended across the plugs gap when it fires is a bit less (heat losses and inefficiencies) then the energy which was stored in the coils magnetic field when current stops (points open) and its dissipated in the form of Volts x Amps x Time (sort of like watt hours the utility charges) when current jumps the open plug gap.

THEREFORE even if 6 or 12 volt coil is used, given the same conditions the same firing voltage takes place, and that's a high heat high voltage arcing current release of energy sufficient to ignite the fuel air mixture. HOWEVER if theres more stored energy to dissipate when the plug fires, a higher energy discharge takes place, meaning more Volts x Amps x Time, BUT since firing voltage is the same, theres EITHER more current across the plugs gap orrrrrrrrrr the arc duration may be longer if theres more energy to be dissipated when the plug fires. HOWEVER as long as the arc produces enough heat and energy release to ignite the fuel, if it consists of more current (ie heat) or the arc duration is slightly longer, such may or may not be necessary.........

That's my story n Ima stickin to it. I hope my techy friends like janicholson and JMOR and Soundguy and Bob and Bob M and others will correct me if I'm wrong. I thought I was wrong once but I was mistaken lol

(gonna post on tool talk also as this page goes away pretty fast)

John T
t'll do. Energy stored in an inductance (coil) is 0.5 x L x I*2. Whether the I was obtained from a 6v, 12v, 24v, or 180v source, if I is the same 4A and L didn't change, the stored energy is still the same. His two primaries in series, would see same current, so each identical coil would store same energy, as currents would necessarily be same. Anything else went into ballast resistor heat or winding copper heat, which is why I say a ballast resistor is your friend (better a hot resistor than a hot coil).
 
Great info, its been too long, I forgot the equation for stored inductive energy. The inductance depends on the windings, turns, their resistance, their length, their density/compactness and magnetic material and I see no reason why a 6 or 12 volt coil couldn't have near the same inductance even if the pure resistive primary component is far different. Still, the instantaneous power in the LV primary when its conducting is 24 watts in a 6 volt coil versus 48 in a 12 volt coil so I would have to study and figure a bit (if we had all the parameters) to know if the energy discharged during the arc is the same in both coils?????????????????

Love sparky chat even though Im a bit rusty

John T
 
John, if you want something to exercise the gray matter, I have a good one. Basic situation is a tractor generator that with +12 applied to ARM (field open) it motors one way (ccw or cw) and upon applying +12 to FIELD terminal, it motors in opposite direction!? I have a few pages of notes & sketches from measurements that the owner made. If you e-mail me, I will send those to you if you are interested. E-mail open in Modern View. I have not been able to come up with a scenario where this should occur without re-wiring the generator connections internally. "B"-ckt gen.
 
Id like to study on that but the next 4 days Im going to the Norman Station Bluegrass festival and will be OUT of wi fi or net so maybe when I get back. My e mail is [email protected]
 
(quoted from post at 19:41:39 09/17/14) Id like to study on that but the next 4 days Im going to the Norman Station Bluegrass festival and will be OUT of wi fi or net so maybe when I get back. My e mail is [email protected]
'll start putting together a package for you. Interesting puzzle to me.
 
Hey John T -

It's been 45+ years since I sat in an EE class. However as I recall (and as JMOR mentions), energy stored within an induction coil (ie. an ignition coil) is directly proportional to iron magnetic flux collapsing thru the secondary coil. And the magnetic flux - assuming the core is magnetized to saturation - is a function of the amount of iron in the core.

Now since the amount of iron in an ignition coils is pretty much the same regardless of the coil's primary voltage, the energy stored is therefore also the same. Consequently the energy released across a spare gap is pretty the same regardless of a coil's primary voltage rating.

Now put all this technical stuff aside a while and enjoy yourself at the bluegrass festival(!)

....your friend Bob M
 

3) Regardless of a 6 or 12 volt coil, the HV Secondary voltage ONLY rises high enough to arc jump current across the spark plug open gap which may be say around 7,000 to 10,000 volts depending on gap thickness and compression and fuel.

I assume this is in regards to a hot engine engine running at a constant load in perfect condition with all the stars in the universe lined up...
 
I experienced the same thing when a friend ask me to
fix the charging system on his John Deere AR. The
generator motored one direction....then the other
direction... It puzzled me until I discovered the
amp draw was higher with the voltage applied to the
fields than it is with when a generator is working
properly. I keep a chart of field resistance,
motoring test amps etc for the different generators
I encounter, it comes in handy. This particular
generator got new field windings and functioned
properly again. The field windings must have had an
internal short as they were not shorted to the
frame. I'm not sure why that would have caused
reverse rotation during part of the motoring test.
 
" I'm not sure why that would have caused
reverse rotation during part of the motoring test."
YES! Still looking for the explanation.
 
The voltage necessary to arc jump current across a plugs gap is a function of 1) The gap and 2) The medium (fuel, compression, and yes temperature affects all that).

Id agree as temperature or compression or fuel air ratios change the voltage would fluctuate, the 7000 to 10, 000 volt figures I threw out are ONLY a typical value but in the range depending on the tractors etc.

John T
 
I think on the other page JMOR stated Energy = 1/2 L x I squared (something like that) so since current is the same, around 4 amps in a 6 or 12 volt coil, and an inductor is really a current device (thats what counts moreso then voltage)

IF A 6 OR 12 VOLT COIL HAD THE SAME INDUCTANCE (thats a big if) looks like the spark gap energy (volts x amps x time) would be the same on either coil.

Love this kind of chat, leaving in a couple hours for the festival, yall figure it out lol WHO STARTED THIS MESS ANYWAY

John T
 
No time now for too much hard thinkin lol but a few thoughts before I leave.

UNLIKE the A circuits we usually discuss, The B circuit genny has one end of the fields (the 2 in series) internally grounded and you regulate the FLD input terminal voltage to control its output.

If you reverse magnetic polarity of the fields by reversing direction of current flow that would change the direction the armature rotates right???

Initially its the residual magnetic field in the soft iron core field poles NOT the electromagnetic field created by passing current through the windings that determines direction of rotation

IF THE INITIAL RESIDUAL MAGNETIC POLARITY IS ONE POLARITY BUT ITS CHANGED WHEN CURRENT PASES THROUGH THE FIELD WINDINGS THAT WOULD CAUSE A CHNAGE IN DIRECTION RIGHT???????

Yall ponder his and when I return I will re post or look for the answers maybe??

John T
 
A re post of one below which may get lost, I will look for yall when I return, one with correct answer gets 10 silver dollars payable the second Tuesday of next week: Later gang



No time now for too much hard thinkin lol but a few thoughts before I leave.

UNLIKE the A circuits we usually discuss, The B circuit genny has one end of the fields (the 2 in series) internally grounded and you regulate the FLD input terminal voltage to control its output.

If you reverse magnetic polarity of the fields by reversing direction of current flow that would change the direction the armature rotates right???

Initially its the residual magnetic field in the soft iron core field poles NOT the electromagnetic field created by passing current through the windings that determines direction of rotation

IF THE INITIAL RESIDUAL MAGNETIC POLARITY IS ONE POLARITY BUT ITS CHANGED WHEN CURRENT PASES THROUGH THE FIELD WINDINGS THAT WOULD CAUSE A CHNAGE IN DIRECTION RIGHT???????

Yall ponder his and when I return I will re post or look for the answers maybe??

John T
 

There are events in the operation of a engine that require KV much higher than 10KV... Folks get confused and believe your figures are all that's needed to fire it up and operate a engine under all conditions... 20kv will get you by on a points fired engine but not on your motor home... If your MH coil will not fire 40KV constitutionally you are going no were it becomes a whale... If you could get it fired off it will run at less than 7/10 KV but don't expect it to perform well with no available reserve... All you are doing when you buy a coil rated higher is buying reserve that under normal conditions you may never need it but its capable if you do...
I have converted my share of points fired engines to HEI The performance was more noticeable on start up when all the available KV is used to light off a cold engine with a cold rich mixture... A hotter match is hard to beat...
 

Interesting posts - I always learn something following them. I would like to add a comment on one thing I don't believe has been mentioned.

The dual output coils are typically used in a wasted spark configuration, where the coil fires one spark plug in a cylinder just before TDC on the compression stroke and the other spark plug fires in a cylinder at just before TDC on the exhaust stroke....a wasted spark. This actually works to an advantage since the voltage required to fire the two plugs varys greatly. The spark plug in the exhaust cylinder does not see compression or a fuel air mixture and fires at a very low voltage compared to the other spark plug which sees both compression and a fuel air mixture.

The two spark plugs form a series circuit with the coil secondary. Therefore, current and spark duration is the same for both plugs. However, the voltage is higher for the plug firing the compressed fuel air mixture. A higher voltage should equal a greater spark energy....in the exact spark plug that needs to ignite the fuel air mixture.

Operating in this manner, I believe these systems are similar in function to a standard single output coil firing a booster gap (sometimes called series gap) plug.
 
All Harleys [with a minor exception] dual fire ,meaning also on the exhaust stroke. There are aftermarket ignition which are called single fire that don't fire on the exhaust stroke . If it was a great thing the factory would do it too.
 
(quoted from post at 12:21:19 09/19/14) All Harleys [with a minor exception] dual fire ,meaning also on the exhaust stroke. There are aftermarket ignition which are called single fire that don't fire on the exhaust stroke . If it was a great thing the factory would do it too.
minor exception", being just about ALL HDs built since the 1990s. :wink:
 
dr, you do know the "also on the exhaust stroke" bit is only half right don't you? An awful lot of guys don't understand how the dual fire really works.
 
(quoted from post at 23:10:07 09/19/14) dr, you do know the "also on the exhaust stroke" bit is only half right don't you? An awful lot of guys don't understand how the dual fire really works.
rue. really part way into the intake stroke.
 
(quoted from post at 12:24:06 09/21/14) when one is at 35 degree BTDC the other is 10 degrees past or ATDC.

when one is at 10 degree BTDC (i.e., firing with 10* advance), the other is 35 degrees (into its intake stroke) past or ATDC.

I see no problem here.
 

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