770 Diesel, smokes constently

J.ReinkeFarms · Jun 7, 2015

A friend of mine bought a 770 Cockshutt diesel sight unseen. I got it running and used it a little bit this spring to plant some soybeans. The thing runs pretty good, starts great for an IDI diesel. It does have two issues, one I know how to correct and the other I am looking for input. First problem is oil pressure, it has barely 5psi at idle when warm. That's the easy one. The harder one is the thing has a smoking problem. I don't think it's low on compression because it will start in the upper 30s with no intake heater and not being plugged in. Actually the best starting Oliver of that design I have ran. It doesn't burn any noticeable amount of oil. I planted 20 acres with it and ran it on a 7ft brush hog for about 10 hours and the oil level still hasn't changed. So I am thinking it may be an injection issue? Here are the two symptoms that I have noticed
1. It smokes constantly. Just a steady blue haze coming out the exhaust
2. At high engine speeds not under a load it seems to have a flutter, almost like a miss but you do not feel it in the driveline, only hear it.
So from here just trying to gather ideas of if when we do the bottom end should we do a complete rebuild? Should I try pulling the injectors and get them redone? Are injector parts still available? Should I pull the energy cells out - could there be anything wrong with those? Any other ideas? Like I said it seems to run decent, drives great, just needs some TLC.

Here is a link to NewAgTalk that has some pictures of it, I couldn't get any to post here for some reason.

http://talk.newagtalk.com/forums/thread-view.asp?tid=557811&posts=5#M4588712

bison · Jun 7, 2015

Worn out engine,. rebuild is in order, including injection system,..don't forget the valve train.

Traditional Farmer · Jun 7, 2015

Actually according to the I&T service manual 5lbs pressure at idle is OK for a 1550 so I guess it'd be fine for a 770,which surprised me. Have you run it enough to get all the old diesel clear out? Personally before I tore into it I'd change the oil using 40W straight weight diesel grade oil,fill the tank with fresh diesel a can of Seafoam and some Marvel Mystery Oil.As much as you have run it if the engine was worn very bad it would have used some oil I would think that's usually the first thing that happens.

tim-m · Jun 7, 2015

The Oliver 770 may have a dirty oil bath pan and filter. Pull off the intake hose between the air cleaner and the engine, and see if it makes the exhaust smoke clear up after it been idling awhile.

J. Schwiebert · Jun 7, 2015

Since it is a Cockshutt it should have a Roosa Master pump Have you checked pump timing? Rebuilt injectors with all new tips should be around $300.00. How much oil pressure do you have at rated RPM? Remember that is a low pressure system. Have you taken the exhaust manifold off and see if any cylinder smoke more than others?

jacks · Jun 7, 2015

My 1650 had a constant light haze to the exhaust, low oil pressure,
and the oil level never went down after I bought it. Turned out to be
that the fuel pump (not the injector pump) was leaking diesel into the
crankcase, thinning out the engine oil. A new fuel pump stopped the
crankcase oil dilution and the exhaust haze. It took new rod and main
bearings to correct the low oil pressure problem. Similar fuel
leakage into the crankcase could also be caused by a bad seal on the
injector pump. In either case, the bearings could be damaged by the
diluted crankcase oil, if that is happening.

J.ReinkeFarms · Jun 7, 2015

Some good replies, I will try to answer all the questions here.
1. Yes, I it does have all new diesel fuel in it. When the tractor arrived there was more water in the fuel tank than fuel and it was frozen solid (January in Michigan), so all the old fuel was thawed, drained and new fuel filters installed. The new fuel was treated with power service.
2. It has fresh oil in it. The first time I started it I ran it around a little to get it up to temp and then I drained the old oil out and put new 15-40 diesel oil in it and a new filter. I cut the old filter apart for curiosity reasons and didn't find anything exciting.
3. Yes it is the Roosa master pump, I have not checked the timing, had not thought about that one. Will do when I get a chance. Thanks for the rough cost on the injectors, that will probably get done either way if it's close to that price.
4. At rated RPM it runs around 27psi. The service manual is on it's way, didn't get one up to this point because nothing I did was specific to this tractor, yet. I just figured it was low because at an idle the low oil pressure buzzer will "chirp"
5. I have not taken the manifold off, but that is also a good idea, not something I had thought of or ever done. I do not like messing with manifolds if I don't have to but if it comes to that I will do it before a tear down.
6. I already had the pipe off between the air filter and the intake, that was my first thought and that was the easiest way to for my brother to check the intake heater. He put his hand in there and pushed the button.
7. This model does not have a separate lift pump for the injector pump, the "lift pump" is built into the head of the injector pump. Kind of a strange thing but it works.
8. Forgot to include I have ran the overhead on this thing too.

Thanks for the hints so far. I will definitely check the pump timing, and most likely get the injectors done then report back. I will also run a compression test. It may be a little while because this is a "when I get around to it" project.

bison · Jun 8, 2015

(quoted from post at 19:29:30 06/07/15) Some good replies, I will try to answer all the questions here.
1. Yes, I it does have all new diesel fuel in it. When the tractor arrived there was more water in the fuel tank than fuel and it was frozen solid (January in Michigan), so all the old fuel was thawed, drained and new fuel filters installed. The new fuel was treated with power service.
2. It has fresh oil in it. The first time I started it I ran it around a little to get it up to temp and then I drained the old oil out and put new 15-40 diesel oil in it and a new filter. I cut the old filter apart for curiosity reasons and didn't find anything exciting.
3. Yes it is the Roosa master pump, I have not checked the timing, had not thought about that one. Will do when I get a chance. Thanks for the rough cost on the injectors, that will probably get done either way if it's close to that price.
4. At rated RPM it runs around 27psi. The service manual is on it's way, didn't get one up to this point because nothing I did was specific to this tractor, yet. I just figured it was low because at an idle the low oil pressure buzzer will "chirp"
5. I have not taken the manifold off, but that is also a good idea, not something I had thought of or ever done. I do not like messing with manifolds if I don't have to but if it comes to that I will do it before a tear down.
6. I already had the pipe off between the air filter and the intake, that was my first thought and that was the easiest way to for my brother to check the intake heater. He put his hand in there and pushed the button.
7. This model does not have a separate lift pump for the injector pump,[b:b56d5c7bf8] the "lift pump" is built into the head of the injector pump. Kind of a strange thing but it works.[/b:b56d5c7bf8]
8. Forgot to include I have ran the overhead on this thing too.

Thanks for the hints so far. I will definitely check the pump timing, and most likely get the injectors done then report back. I will also run a compression test. It may be a little while because this is a "when I get around to it" project.

hat pump is called a transfer pump and you'll find it in every injection pump regardless of make.
Although they will double as lift pump when the fuel is supplied by gravity. I prefer a separate lift pump in the supply line to feed the Inj pump at full throttle for max power and longevity of the inj pump.

J.ReinkeFarms · Jun 8, 2015

I didnt know if the transfer pump on this one was any different than the other Roosa Master pumps on the place. The head looks a little different but that doesn't always mean much. Could just be the way it's oriented for the lines. Either way just didn't know.

bock · Jun 10, 2015

it is comon for tem too have a flutter ,when not under a load ., 5psi is ok too at idle ,15 at high idle , if timing is off alittle will smoke , some seem to smoke more
than others if it starts lik you said probably is nothing wrong with it , pump may be turned up to much and overfueling it under load , and that unburned fuel will
make it smoke gray till it gets burnt out lurned that on my pulling tractor

770 Diesel, smokes constently

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bison

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